PVD is a process in industrial manufacturing, namely vacuum coating, which endows products with an attractive metallic texture and excellent properties. It is mostly used in the manufacturing processes of parts such as sheet metal parts, extruded parts, MIM (Metal Injection Molding), PIM (Powder Injection Molding), etched parts, machined parts, and welded parts.
PVD can be applied to many materials, including plastics, stainless steel, copper, iron, silver, ceramics, glass, aluminum, titanium alloys, zinc alloys, powder metallurgy, liquid metals, etc. However, it is most commonly used on metals.
Currently, PVD coating can produce a variety of colors for the film layer, such as deep golden yellow, light golden yellow, brown, antique bronze, gray, black, grayish-black, seven-color, purple, red, green, blue, etc. Among them, the most common ones are the gold series, brown series, and black-gray series.
Different colors are achieved by using different target materials. For colors like gold, blue, and purple, titanium nitride, titanium compounds, and silicon compounds are used. Indium-tin alloy is used for blue. Bright silver is also achieved with indium-tin alloy. Tungsten is used for black, and metals like tin-nickel-chromium are used for gray.
Although PVD can produce a large number of colors, due to the high research and development cost of the formula and patent protection, currently only about a dozen colors can be adjusted, and it is difficult to fine-tune the colors.
The color of the coating can be controlled by adjusting the relevant parameters during the coating process. After the coating process is completed, the color can be measured with relevant instruments to quantify it and determine whether the resulting color meets the requirements.
Hardness is an important performance indicator that measures the degree of compressive deformation resistance of product materials.
It can be bent by more than 90 degrees without cracking or peeling (PVD coating has high adhesion and durability). Other techniques, including electroplating and spraying, cannot compare with it.
There are numerous colors available for the film layer, with uniform coloring, a fine and smooth surface, a metallic luster, and it never fades.
It is resistant to scratching, not easily scratched, and not prone to falling off or cracking.
The thickness of the PVD coating film layer is relatively thin, at the micron level, usually ranging from 0.3μm to 5μm. The thickness of the decorative coating film layer is generally from 0.3μm to 1μm. Therefore, it can improve various physical and chemical properties of the workpiece surface without significantly affecting the original size of the workpiece, and no further processing is required after coating.
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